Sanguine, phlegmatic, choleric and melancholic, as they were called.

There is a 'system' called Insights Discovery which is marketed to businesses as a toolkit to 'improve communication, team work and professional development'. They used it at my last workplace. There were training events and questionnaires, all elading up to the production of a personal profile based on 'colour energies'.

Fiery Red people are "competitive, demanding, determined, strong-willed, purposeful" (choleric)

Cool Blue are "cautious, precise, deliberate, questioning, formal" (melancholic)

Sunshine Yellow are: "sociable, dynamic, demonstrative, enthusiastic, persuasive" (sanguine)

Earth Green are "caring, encouraging, sharing, patient, relaxed" (phlegmatic)

Seems the idea didn't die out after all! Though the Insights Discovery people claim it's based on Jungian thought.